NOTE: All information below will be available in your race packet!

    Western States Championships in Cle Elum, WA

      The 2005 Western States Championships on Saturday/Sunday August 20-21 are hosted by COC. This will be two day cumulative time A meet. World Ranking Event is Sunday. Competition will be held on Teanaway Forks West (Saturday) and Cle Elum Ridge (Sunday) maps.

      Both days will feature classic-distance courses. The meet will have the standard USOF classes on the usual seven courses. Classes may be consolidated if they do not contain at least three registered competitors. For USOF color coded course and class structure see       USOF Calendar of Sanctioned National Events.

      First three finishers in each age group will be awarded. Top finishers who meet the following eligibility criteria in each age group will be honored with special 2005 Western States Championships award.
      Eligibility requires:
      • USOF membership.
      • Eligibility for US championship (USA citizen or "green" card holder).
      • Residence in the Western states 6 of the previous 12 months.
      Western States defined as the 13 states of Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah, Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Alaska, and Hawaii (someone has also defined them as "those states having mountains over 10,000 feet" which obscurely resolves to the same set).

      You can get more History and facts at [/] the Western States Championships page [/] maintained by Mike Schuh.

      All courses will use SportIdent electronic punching system.

      Embargoed areas: Areas covered by Teanaway Forks West and Cle Elum Ridge maps.

      Click on the images below to sample parts of Teanaway Forks West and Cle Elum Ridge maps.

      [Teanaway Forks West] [Cle Elum Ridge]

      Teanaway West (Saturday):
      Teanaway West is an area west of the “Teanaway Forks” area used for the 1998 U.S. Championships and PNWOF 2003. This map has never been used for an “A” event, but has been used for a few local events. Of the Cle Elum area maps, this one is the most rugged and varied, with the slowest per-K times. Teanaway West has a wide variety of terrain and vegetation – there is a lot of very open, runnable terrain, but also some significant areas of quite slow going, especially in the lowlands near the creeks and swamps. Higher elevations tend to be more open and runnable, although sometimes steep. A sparse network of logging roads exists, but few smaller trails. This map will test you both physically and navigationally.
      Map scale is 1:15000, 5m contours.

      Cle Elum Ridge (Sunday):
      Cle Elum Ridge is one of the oldest and best orienteering maps in Washington State, and has been used for several class “A” events. Although only 10 miles away from Teanaway West, Cle Elum Ridge has quite a different feel to the orienteer. The area has been extensively thinned and cleared, leaving an extremely runnable and open area, somewhat reminiscent of Wyoming/Colorado terrain (without the rock). The map has almost no green; per-K times will be very fast. Trails are sparse, and rock features are nearly non-existent, so you will have to be adept at navigating by the contour detail alone.
      Map scale is 1:15000, 5m contours.

      Both maps were updated in 2004 by Mark Dominie.

      Ice Cream Social
      On Saturday evening from 6pm to 9pm, we will be hosting an ice cream social in Cle Elum, which is open to all competitors at no additional charge. This is a good way to get into an air-conditioned, bug-free place to socialize with your fellow competitors. If you wish to bring in a brown-bag dinner or fast food to eat there, please feel free to do so, but you must clean up any mess that you make (no camp stoves please).

      The social event is at the Cle Elum Senior Center (Centennial Center), at 719 E 3rd Street. To get there, proceed back toward the Interstate along Teanaway Road and highway 970, and then continue past the freeway entrance into town. Once in town, turn right on Yakima Ave; the center is at Yakima and 3rd.

      There will be some games available for playing, as well as a course review where you can compare your route choices will other competitors. Final results from the first day of competition will be posted.

      Ice cream will be served around 7:15, and soft drinks, tea, and coffee will be available. Donations will be accepted that will help sponsor Interscholastic Championships travel and entrance fees for top local high-school students who compete in the Washington Interscholastic Orienteering League (WIOL).

      Packet Pickup
      Packets will be available from 6pm to 8pm on Friday night at Teanaway Campground. Otherwise, pick up your packets at the event site on Saturday or Sunday morning. There is a single packet for all days of PNWOF.

      World Ranking Event
      All entrants in M21 and F21 classes will be automatically entered in the World Ranking Event on Sunday. In accordance with IOF rules, start times for these classes has been determined by random draw. If you miss or change your start time (highly discouraged), you will not be eligible for the World Ranking Event. Saturday’s time will not be counted for the World Ranking Event.

      Map and Control Descriptions
      White, Yellow, Orange, Brown and Green maps are 1:10,000, 5m contours. Red and Blue maps are 1:15,000, 5m contours.

      Control descriptions will not be printed on the maps. Control description sheets will be available in your competitor packets. Extra control description sheets will be available at the start area.

      Special symbols
      The following special map symbols are used:

      A brown circle with a dot in the middle: this is a logging debris pile, usually a large pile of logs and branches. Although the maps have been recently field checked, ongoing logging activity means that these piles come and go quite rapidly. Removed piles usually will appear like a flat burned area 5-15m in diameter.

      A green circle: this is a significant lone tree.

      The following special control description symbols are used:

      Circle: A logging debris pile, as described above.

      Additional Rules and Safety Information
      1. Whistles: All competitors MUST carry a whistle on their courses. You will be asked to show your whistle at the Start, and will not be allowed on the course without one. If you need to purchase a whistle, they are available for a $1 fee at registration.
      2. Safety Card: Please fill this out as accurately as possible and turn it in at the start. It will assist the meet staff in the event of a search. You will not be allowed to start without a filled-out Safety card. Safety cards are in your packet or at registration.
      3. Check In at Finish: All competitors must check in at the finish, no matter if they complete the course or not. A 3 hour time limit is in effect; please return to the finish with 3 hours of your start.
      4. Bibs: All non-recreational competitors must wear their assigned bib on their chest.
      5. Dehydration: This is by far the greatest risk for competitors in Cle Elum. The weather is likely to be sunny and hot. PLEASE stay well-hydrated prior to your races! Remember to drink before you become thirsty. Water will be available at the Start/Finish areas, but please bring your own water as our supply is somewhat limited. To ensure an adequate supply for all, please limit your use of water at controls to actual drinking only.
      6. Fire: Fire danger in the east Cascades is usually high during August. Please use the utmost care to prevent fire. Smoking or gasoline generators are prohibited at the event site and campgrounds. Campfires are likely to be prohibited in the campgrounds; cooking stoves may or may not be; check upon arriving. On Sunday, you will be parking alongside a grassy field. Please shut off your engine immediately after parking and visually check around your vehicle to ensure that no grass is smoldering. Running your engine while parked is prohibited.
      7. Wildlife: You may see cows (likely), deer (very likely), or a black bear (quite unlikely). Do use caution when approaching an area with cattle. Try not to spook the animals, since they are considerably larger than you
      8. Safety Bearings: If you are lost or injured, please try to make your way to the nearest dirt road, and then walk along the road back to the finish. Usually the dirt roads are in the valleys between the hills. If you are utterly lost, south should work as a safety bearing on Saturday, south-east on Sunday.
      9. Restrooms: There will be porta-potties near registration both days. Please use these for all bathroom needs, and avoid using the terrain. Our private land-owners thank you in advance.

      E-Punch Procedures

      Start Procedure

      A 2-line start will be used. When your time is called, please step up the first line. You will be required at this point to show the start official your bib, finger stick and whistle, and to turn in your safety card. At the next minute, you will proceed to the 2nd line where the maps are.

      At the 2nd line, pick up but do not turn over your map. Mark your name or number on the back of the map so that you can collect it later. When your start time is called, you can proceed to a start control (there will be several) and place your finger-stick in the start control. Do not turn your map over until you punch the start control.

      If you need to change your start time, please talk to the start chief at the start area.

      Control Punching

      Place your finger-stick into the hole in the unit and wait for the beep. If you do not hear the unit beep, repeat the procedure. If you still do not get a beep, the unit may have malfunctioned – punch your map using the plastic punch attached to the flag.

      Finish Procedure

      In order for your time to be recorded, you must punch the finish control.

      After punching the finish control, your map may be collected from you and you should follow the chute to the download station. Place your finger-stick in the download control until it beeps. Your time and splits will be available from the printer in a minute or so. If you had to punch your map due to a malfunctioned control, inform the finish staff.

      Course Setters’ Notes

      Saturday: Teanaway West

      The Teanaway West map was created for the US Championships in 1998 and has been updated in 2004 by Mark Dominie.

      Pine and Douglas fir trees are the primary forests. Generally, the older the trees, the better the runnability. Large areas are covered with scattered trees and rough open land. A long narrow NW/SE orientated marsh bordered by a distinctive stand of Aspen runs through the center of the map. At the NW end of the marsh is a large meadow in which there is a raised level oval of 100 x 60 meters. This is such an ideal viewing area that we have opted to use it for observing both the final run in and a spectator control.

      Some of the more subtle land features I had planned to use were not advisable due to the rapid growth of young pine trees raising the possibility of obscuring a control. Fortunately, there are many other suitable and interesting areas for legs and controls. Piles of wood from past logging are depicted on the map with brown circles with a dot in them. Though there has been considerable decay and some of the piles have been burned, there is enough remaining evidence of the pile that they can be significant features for navigation. Areas where thinning of forest stands has taken place are marked with vertical green lines - the tighter the lines, the more debris that must be hurdled.

      On the White and Yellow courses, an indistinct trail is marked with pink flagging.

      I thoroughly enjoyed many days in the woods working on the courses and believe you will enjoy running them. Welcome!

      – Rick Breseman

      Sunday: Cle Elum Ridge

      Cle Elum Ridge is located a few miles East of Cle Elum, WA on the east side of the Cascade Mountains. The terrain, while hilly, is not overly steep. A series of ridges and reentrants drain to the Teanaway River to the North and the Yakima River to the South. This area is primarily an open pine forest that has been repeatedly thinned by selective logging. The generally open forest has occasional stands of closely spaced young trees that are mapped as light green. The area has been recently logged and slash from the logging operation has been collected into debris piles (denoted by a brown circle with a small center dot).

      The map was extensively updated in Fall 2004 and includes vegetation updates from logging. A wet spring has increased the amount of grass and other low vegetation present this year. The increased vegetation has obscured some of the minor roads and trails so additional diligence is required. These roads and trails are often recognizable by vegetation differences and presence of packed earth.

      August in Cle Elum can be very hot and dry so proper hydration before, during, and after the event is very important.

      – Don Denbo

      Starts:
      On both days, there will be a short (less than 100m) well-marked compulsory route to the start triangle from the point at which you receive your map and your time begins. You may examine your map while running to the start triangle, but you must run through (but not punch at) the start triangle. A control marker without a punch or SportIdent unit will mark the start triangle at the end of the compulsory route.

      Finish:
      On Sunday, there is a compulsory flagged route of about 500m from the last control to the finish. You must follow this route. This is to keep competitors from either interfering with the start or straying into a land holding for which we do not have permission to enter. 

      Competitive pre-registration:

Up to and including July 15:  $20 Adult / $10 Junior
July 16 - Aug 5:              $25 Adult / $15 Junior
Aug 6 and after:              $30 Adult / $20 Junior
Day of event:                 $30 Adult / $20 Junior
  Limited availability, depending on how many extra maps are available.

USOF discount:                -$3 Adult / -$1.50 Junior


Recreational courses. White/Yellow/Orange only. No pre-registration.

DAY OF EVENT ONLY             $10 Adult / $5 Junior
NO DISCOUNT for USOF or COC membership.

SI Stick Rental:

Each day used:                $2 Adult / $1 Junior
Entire week of PNWOF:         $8 Adult / $4 Junior (pre-registered only)
Lost stick:                   $35
      We hope to have child-care available for a reasonable fee, payable on-site. In order for us to judge numbers, please indicate how many children would use child-care, assuming it is available. Please check back on the web site for more details.

      On Saturday night in Cle Elum, COC will be hosting a dessert social at the Cle Elum Senior Center. A light dessert and soft drinks will be available. People are welcome to “brown bag” and bring a dinner to eat there with other orienteers, or come after eating dinner.

      Admission to the social is complementary with any event entry (competitive or recreational). We’ll have much more detailed information (including directions) in time for the event booklet.


    Adventure Race in North Bend, WA

      The PNWOF Adventure Race on Monday, August 22 is being hosted by Meridian Geographics. It includes mass start orienteering course. The race begins at 7:00 p.m.

      An adventure race is a multi-stage race wherein each stage involves its own activity, or discipline. The PNWOF adventure race includes the disciplines of foot orienteering and mountain biking, plus one or more special tasks. Special tasks are off-beat, fun activities that are not dangerous and do not require special skills or high physical fitness. The mountain bike stage will require orienteering or rogaining-style navigation. In this race, as in a typical adventure race, competitors will carry a passport, similar in purpose and form to a punchcard which will be marked at various checkpoints.

      Adventure racing is generally a team sport, most often with teams consisting of three men and one woman. This race will allow solo participation and teams of up to 4 people, and teams can be mixed, all men or all women. Juniors are welcome, subject to parental approval, and mother/daughter and father/daughter teams have participated in other BEAST Series races. The expected winning time is 1.7 to 2 hours, and most or all participants will finish within 4 hours. It is entirely OK to complete only a part of the course, then retire.

      This race, in addition to being a PNWOF activity, is the fourth and final event in the Seattle-based BEAST (Barebones Evening Adventure Sprint Tournament) Series. BEAST has gathered quite a following, and we expect 50-80 BEAST regulars to participate in addition to PNWOF attendees. Because BEAST races have a significant navigation component, orienteering experience is valuable and can give participants an edge over experienced adventure racers.

      The PNWOF adventure race is doable by any orienteer who can run and bike. The mountain bike stage will not be technically demanding, and we are working to make rental bikes available to you if you do not bring your own. While an orienteering-only option is offered, we encourage one and all to give the full race a try! It's a great opportunity to get a taste of adventure racing.

      PNWOF prices for the adventure race will be: 
      Up to and including July 15:  $20 Adult / $10 Junior
July 16 - Aug 5:              $25 Adult / $15 Junior
Aug 6 and after:              $30 Adult / $20 Junior
Day of event:                 $35 Adult / $25 Junior
      Mass start orienteering course (the first segment of the adventure race) only: 
      Up to and including Aug 5:    $10 Adult / $7 Junior
Aug 6 and after:              $15 Adult / $10 Junior
Day of event:                 $15 Adult / $10 Junior -- Limited
availability, depending on how many extra maps are available.
      Note: the adventure race is part of the BEAST series, and these are special prices for PNWOF participants, who are registering for at least one other PNWOF event concurrently. There is no additional discount for USOF or club membership.

      Registration for both the adventure race and the orienteering-only is on an individual basis, however people are welcome to compete either individually or as part of a team. If a registrant wishes to compete on a team, then they must list the names of their teammates on their entry form. More details can be found on the BEAST website.


    PNWOF Sprints in Bend, OR

      Schedule:
      9 am   Registration table opens at COCC
9-10am COCC Health and Human Performance Dept tour
10 am  Sprint starts at COCC
1 pm   Sprint finish closed
3 pm   Middle chase start at Arnold Ice Cave
5 pm   Sprint Award ceremony
6 pm   Middle finish closed
      The PNWOF Sprints orienteering meet is an equal opportunity recreation provided under special use permit with the Deschutes National Forest and the Central Oregon Community College.

      PNWOF Sprints on Wednesday, August 24 are hosted by the USA Team. This is a one-day A meet. Two courses are offered on the same day for a combined time (for brown, green, red, and blue courses): sprint courses in the morning at the COCC (approx. winning time of 15 minutes) and middle courses in the afternoon at Arnold Ice Cave (approx. winning time of 30 minutes). Individual interval starts will be used in both competitions. Results of the morning sprint will be used to seed the individual interval starts for the afternoon, with winners of the sprint starting first, second places starting second, etc. You will be provided with the snippet of the Arnold Ice Cave map to use for your warm-up before your start. We will place 6-7 controls there so you can experience the terrain first hand. Two sprint courses are offered in the morning. Longer sprint course is designed for Blue and Red, and shorter sprint course is designed for Green and Brown.

      White, Yellow, and Orange courses will be offered in the morning only on the COCC map.

      A condensed USOF Class structure will be used for all classes.

      All courses will use SportIdent electronic punching system.

      Embargoed areas: Areas covered by COCC (you must stay on paths or parking places within the COCC campus) and Arnold Ice Cave maps.

      Click on the images below to sample parts of COCC and Arnold Ice Cave maps (images are courtesy of ORCA).

      [COCC]
      [Arnold Ice Caves] [Arnold Ice Caves] [Arnold Ice Caves] [Arnold Ice Caves] [Arnold Ice Caves]

      General description of COCC Campus mapped area:
      Wooded college campus area with buildings and extensive net of paths, cultivated areas, and parking areas. The COCC has lots of natural forest and rock features. It provides a nice area for a sprint in urban environment with a ‘real orienteering’ style.
      Map scale is 1:5000, 5m contours.

      General description of Arnold Ice Cave mapped area:
      Sparse and patchy forest with very few line features and subtle rolling terrain, including many hollows, small hills, and depressions. Pockets of complex detail consist of collapsed lava tubes and rocky outcrops. Underfoot can be quite sandy/dusty, but is firmer following rain. Much of the area was burned in the 1990s, removing underbrush and making this a very fast, fun orienteering area.
      Map scale is 1:10000, 3m contours.

      Parking
      Park in designated areas only. See maps for the parking area locations both in COCC and Arnold Ice caves. At COCC we will utilize parking space at the COCC Library. Stay on the designated paths as all of the surrounding area is embargoed. At Arnold Ice caves park only on the right side of the road to give room for the emergency vehicles!

      Water availability, first aid, hazards, safety, restrooms
      Drinking water will be available at the start, finish, and at one common control approximately in the middle of all course both in the COCC and Arnold Ice caves.

      Restrooms will be in HHPD of COCC (see map) and portable toilets will be available close to start/finish at Arnold Ice caves (see map).

      A first aid kit is available at the finish location.

      The biggest hazard is heat and high elevation (more than one mile high!). Stay well hydrated! The second biggest hazard is crossing roads. Be extra careful while crossing roads! We have also noticed couple ruined barbwire fences. It is unlikely you will encounter them but be cautious.

      Mountain lions, bears and rattlesnakes can be found in the area but are uncommon. Know what to do if you meet one. The ground can be quite rocky/stony. There is no poison oak. Ticks are possible. Check after your run.

      Cliffs/collapsed lava tubes (Arnold Ice caves) are an obvious hazard. Be careful. We marked them as out of bounds areas for your safety.

      Signs will warn the general public that orienteers are present.

      If, at any time, you become thoroughly lost, or feel you have left the map, take an appropriate safety bearing:

      COCC: East to College Way
      Arnold Ice Caves: NE or SW to China Hat Rd depending on which side of it you are on.


      Both College Way and China Hat Rd are the prominent roads that run diagonally across the maps, and are the only regularly traveled routes.

      Given that on both days there will be a certain amount of scratchy underbrush, shorts are not recommended and gaiters may be a good idea. Both areas also have rocky/stony ground, so take precautions if you have weak ankles. The COCC campus area has a lot of paved areas and paths. Using spiked shoes is not recommended on the COCC campus.

      SPORTident – Electronic Punching System
      The SPORTident electronic punching system will be used at all competitive events, and all competitors are required to carry a SPORTident finger stick (SI stick). If a rented stick is lost, the competitor will be charged the replacement cost. Competitors losing their personal SI sticks can rent one from the organizers.

      Note that the number on the SI stick is your personal identification number for the various events. Therefore you must use the SI stick assigned to you, and competitors with the wrong stick (husband’s, wife’s, sister’s, brother’s, etc.) will not be allowed to start. If your stick number has changed, please notify Registration before you run.

      At the Start please make sure that you Clear and Check your SI stick. Once on course, if you find that an SI unit at a control is not working (no light, no beep), please make sure that you use the pin punch attached to the control to mark your map. Failure to do so will result in your disqualification.

      All competitors must download their SI sticks at the Download Station whether you finish your course or not – this is our main way of determining which runners are still on the course. Failure to do so, for reasons other than being lost or injured, can results in considerable unnecessary aggravation for the Meet Officials.

      Controls
      The flags are hung from a control post with the SI unit on top. The control number is taped to the top of the SI unit. A punch is provided at each control post in case the SI unit is not working.

      Control Descriptions
      Control Descriptions will be printed on the map, and available in the pre-start area.

      Start Procedure
      There will be a three line start; -2 minutes, -1 minute and the Start line. Call up at -3 minutes. The Start Triangle is at the Start line, and indicated by a control flag. This is NOT a control.

      Course Closure
      Courses will close 3 hours after the last start. The actual time will be posted at the Start. The approximate times are noted above.
      Note: All competitors will have a maximum allowed time of 3 hours to complete their course. All competitors must report to the Finish after this time even if they have not completed the course. You do not have to cross the Finish line, but all competitors MUST report to the Finish officials and download their SI stick. Course times over 3 hours will be marked as uncompleted.

      Awards
      The first three places in each competitive class will be awarded medals.

      Results
      Results will be posted during the competition days near Finish areas. In due time, the results and split times will be posted on the PNWOF website, www.pnwof.org

      Recreational Orienteering
      We will also be offering “Recreational” courses with on–the-day registration at all events. These will be informal, un-timed courses suitable for complete newcomers, non-competitive types, or anyone who'd just like to give the sport a try without being timed. A separate start and finish area will be used at the registration table. No recreational courses will be available at Arnold Ice Caves.

      Course Statistics
      COCC Sprint Courses
Course          Length  Controls  Climb   Expected Winning Time
                km                m     
Long Sprint     2.70    15        70      15-17 min
Short Sprint    2.20    12        65      15-17 min
White           1.75    11        45      25 min
Yellow          2.20    11        55      30 min
Orange          3.15    13        120     35 min

Arnold Ice Caves Middle Courses
Course          Length  Controls  Climb   Expected Winning Time
                km                m     
Blue            6.16    20        140     35 min
Red             4.82    17        100     32 min
Green           4.09    15        70      30 min
Brown           3.48    13        70      25 min

      Site maps. Event center, start and finish, parking areas
      [COCC] [Arnold]


      Map Maker and Course Designer Notes for COCC Sprints
      by Sergey Velichko, Andy Dale, and Elis Eberlein

      ISSOM 2005 set for the sprint orienteering maps was used for this map.

      COCC 1:5000 5m contours

      Map was created in June/July 2005.

      The map contains a mixture of forested and open terrain, as well as campus areas with lots of buildings, parking areas, and paths. Ground vegetation varies little, and the boundaries between open and forested are rarely distinct. Use with caution!

      A black X represents a number of man made objects that include metal poles, utility boxes, art, and frisbee targets. For clarity all light poles are not shown as they are numerous and will clutter the map.

      Part of the COCC campus on West side is covered by the Frisbee course so you may encounter the course targets (metal baskets about 1 m high) and launch platforms (approximately 1mx2m flat). Targets are shown with a black X symbol. Platforms shown as small paved rectangular areas.

      A black O represents round shaped concrete/stone features. There are few of these.

      A green X represents a significant or isolated tree.

      A brown X represents either a big stump or rootstock.

      A brown Dot (knoll) represents small knolls up to 0.5 m high.

      A blue X represents fire hydrants (they are painted red).

      There are few areas where different grades of green were used. Darker areas represent dense bushes. Lighter areas represent just denser vegetation, which should not slow you down significantly. Green vertical lines are used to show denser bush areas where visibility is good.

      Buildings are shown using dark gray with a black outline. Canopies and underpasses are shown by a lighter gray.

      There is an extensive network of paved paths around buildings. Some of them have stairs. All stairs are shown on the map.

      Passable and impassable cliff symbols are used to show cliffs in the wooded areas. Vertical concrete walls mainly located around buildings shown with impassable or passable wall symbol (black or grey thick line).

      Rocky ground and boulder field symbols are both used to show rocky places with boulder field used to show bigger and bulkier rock features.

      Small boulders, up to 0.5-1.0 m high, are shown with the small boulder symbol black dot.
      Big boulders, higher than 1 m, are shown with the big boulder symbol big black dot.

      The area has a dense network of trails including a couple of long hiking trails covered with wood chips. The ride symbol is used mainly to show the direction of numerous small paths going between Frisbee targets and platforms. We attempted to show most of the trails, however, it is impossible to show them all. So expect to encounter some unmapped smaller indistinctive trails.

      All courses will use the same start and finish location. The last control, as well as the photo/spectator control (where you can take photos and cheer), is shared among all sprint courses. Colored courses do not pass the spectator control. The way between the last control and finish is marked with tape. You must follow the tape to the finish.

      Map Maker and Course Designer Notes for Arnold Ice Caves Middle
      by Andy Dale and Sergey Velichko

      You will be provided with the snippet of the map to use for your warm-up before your start. We will place 6-7 controls there so you can experience the terrain first hand.

      The map was made from a USGS base, spring/summer 2004, and revised/extended in June 2005. Note the non-standard contour interval of 3 meters.

      Arnold Ice Cave 1:10000 3m contours (10 ft)

      The map contains a mixture of forested and open terrain. Ground vegetation varies little, and the boundaries between open and forested are rarely distinct. Use with caution! Most of the map covers transitional, semi open terrain with scattered trees of variable density. The mapping of such areas is very subjective, and you may just wish to blur the white and yellow patches into ‘semi-open’, although there is much useful information to be lost by doing this.

      A green X represents a significant or isolated tree. Isolated trees need not be especially large to be mapped. Two or more together have been mapped as white.

      The undergrowth screen has been used to show fallen burned trees. They will not slow you down too much. Sagebrush varies in density but is rarely patchy enough to influence route choice. It is not mapped. The east part of the map (east of China Hat Rd) has little sagebrush as it burned during a big fire a few years ago.

      Most knolls are rocky, and have been mapped by adding boulder field triangles to knoll symbols. These are all lava outcrops. Boulders and cliffs are also lava features, and tend to be blocky rather than solid. Ribs of exposed lava are mapped as elliptical boulders. Most features mapped as boulders stand up out of the terrain as you would expect a boulder to, although some represent lower knoll-like features composed entirely of lava.

      Old roads have been mapped as indistinct trails.

      All courses will utilize a so-called “butterfly” loop. The picture below shows a possible layout of part of the course with a butterfly loop.

      [BUTTERFLY]


      Each first runner on the course will run the sequence shown as ‘Course 1’ and each second runner on the same course will run ‘Course 2’. Therefore, runners will run the same legs but in a different order. Because these loops lie in the same terrain the fairness factor is identical. Notice that you must visit and punch the same central control three times! Butterfly loops are used extensively to dissuade following. We believe this is the first time in the USA that butterfly loops will be used for official competition. We are looking forward to hearing comments on them.

      All courses will use the same start and finish location. The last control, as well as water control, is shared among all courses. The way between the last control and finish is marked with tape. You must follow the tape to the finish.

      Here is the event pricing for the PNWOF sprints and relay.

      Sprints competitive pre-registration 
      Advanced courses (brown through blue - includes both prolog and final):
Up to and including July 15:  $20 Adult / $10 Junior
July 16 - Aug 5:              $25 Adult / $15 Junior
Aug 6 and after:              $30 Adult / $20 Junior
Day of event:                 $30 Adult / $20 Junior
Limited availability, depending on how many extra maps are available.

Beginner courses (white through orange - full length course at COCC only):
Up to and including July 15:  $10 Adult / $5 Junior
July 16 - Aug 5:              $15 Adult / $7 Junior
Aug 6 and after:              $20 Adult / $10 Junior
Day of event:                 $20 Adult / $10 Junior
Limited availability, depending on how many extra maps are available.

USOF discount:                -$3 Adult / -$1.50 Junior

Sprint Recreational courses. White/Yellow/Orange only (COCC venue only). No pre-registration.
DAY OF EVENT ONLY             $10 Adult / $5 Junior
NO DISCOUNT for USOF or COC membership.

SI Stick Rental:

Each day used:                $2 Adult / $1 Junior
Entire week of PNWOF:         $8 Adult / $4 Junior (pre-registered only)
Lost stick:                   $35
      We hope to have child-care available for a reasonable fee stuffed by USA Team members, payable on-site. In order for us to judge numbers, please indicate how many children would use child-care, assuming it is available. Please check back on the web site for more details.


    PNWOF Relay in Bend, OR

      Schedule
      9 am   Registration table opens at Lava Butte area
10 am  Relay starts
2 pm   Relay Award ceremony
3 pm   Relay finish closed
      The PNWOF Relays orienteering meet is an equal opportunity recreation provided under special use permit with the Deschutes National Forest.

      PNWOF Relay on Thursday, August 25 is hosted by the USA Team. Three leg relay courses are offered for teams in three categories:
      [] Open -- no requirement for the teammates.
      [] Young -- must have one female and one junior under 14 or two juniors (of any gender) of combined age under 34.
      [] Experienced -- must have at least one female and two people of combined age over 110 or three people (of any gender) of combined age over 155.

      For example:
      • One female junior under 14 and two blue runners can form a "Young" team.
      • Two male juniors 14 and 19 years old and one blue runners can form a "Young" team.
      • One red level female and two green level male runners with combined age over 110 can form an "Experienced" team.
      • Sharon Crawford, Brian May, and Bruce Wolfe can form an "Experienced" team.

      You must pre-register your team with the organizers Wednesday at the latest to receive the team packet. Please approach registration area on Wednesday or Sergey Velichko/Elis Eberlein directly before Wednesday. Please use the form below for the registration.

      Leg order: Orange, White/Yellow, and Green.

      Members of the first three teams in each competitive category will be awarded.

      All courses will use SportIdent electronic punching system.

      Images below to sample Lava Butte map (images are courtesy of ORCA).

      Click on the image below to sample Lava Butte map (images are courtesy of ORCA).

      [Lava Butte] [Lava Butte] [Lava Butte] [Lava Butte] [Lava Butte] [Lava Butte]

      General description of Lava Butte area:
      Mostly very fast, gently rolling ponderosa forest with occasional lava outcrops and a good network of roads and dirt bike trails. Contour detail is generally sparse, consisting of scattered, rocky knolls. A fun area requiring fast decisions and moving at high speed.
      The map scale is 1:10000, 5m contours.

      Parking
      Park in designated areas only. See maps for the parking area locations at Lava Butte. Park only at the right side of the road to give room for the emergency vehicles!

      Water availability, first aid, hazards, safety, restrooms.
      Drinking water will be available at the start/finish.

      Portable toilets will be available close to start/finish (see map).

      A first aid kit will be available at the finish location.

      The biggest hazard is heat and high elevation (more than one mile high!). Stay well hydrated! The second biggest hazard is crossing roads. Be extra careful while crossing roads! We also noticed a couple of ruined barbwire fences. It is unlikely you will encounter them but be cautious.

      Mountain lions, bears and rattlesnakes can be found in the area but are uncommon. Know what to do if you meet one. There is no poison oak. Ticks are possible. Check after your run.

      A cinder pit on the map is commonly used for target shooting. Your course may pass close to this area, but you are not at risk from shots fired into the pit. Firearms are used sporadically in other areas too. Signs will warn the general public that orienteers are present. Please be cautious if you hear shots.

      Dirt bikes use the trail network. They are few, and can easily be heard from a distance, but it would be a good idea to parallel dirt-bike trails rather than running along them. Fast traffic is also possible on the major gravel roads that cross the map.

      The mapped areas do not have clear boundaries, and bounds vast expanses of similar and remote terrain. For this reason, it will be compulsory to carry a compass, and to know how to take a safety bearing. If, at any time, you become thoroughly lost, or feel you have left the map, take an appropriate safety bearing:

      Lava Butte: East to Hwy 97

      Given that there will be a certain amount of scratchy underbrush, shorts are not recommended and gaiters may be a good idea. The area also has rocky/stony ground, so take precautions if you have weak ankles.

      SPORTident – Electronic Punching System
      The SPORTident electronic punching system will be used at all competitive events, and all competitors are required to carry a SPORTident finger stick (SI stick). If a rented stick is lost, the competitor will be charged the replacement cost. Competitors losing their personal SI sticks can rent one from the organizers.

      Note that the number on the SI stick is your personal identification number for the various events. Therefore you must use the SI stick assigned to you, and competitors with the wrong stick (husband’s, wife’s, sister’s, brother’s, etc.) will not be allowed to start. If your stick number has changed, please notify Registration before you run.

      At the Start please make sure that you Clear and Check your SI stick. Once on course, if you find that an SI unit at a control is not working (no light, no beep), please make sure that you use the pin punch attached to the control to mark your map. Failure to do so will result in your disqualification.

      All competitors must download their SI sticks at the Download Station whether you finish your course or not – this is our main way of determining which runners are still on the course. Failure to do so, for reasons other than being lost or injured, can results in considerable unnecessary aggravation for the Meet Officials.

      Controls
      The flags are hung from a control post with the SI unit on top. The control number is taped to the top of the SI unit. A punch is provided at each control post in case the SI unit is not working.
      Control Descriptions
      Control Descriptions will be printed on the map, and available in the pre-start area.

      Start Procedure
      There will be mass start for all first leg competitors.

      Course Closure
      Courses will close 3 hours after the last start. The actual time will be posted at the Start. The approximate times are noted above.
      Note: All competitors will have a maximum allowed time of 3 hours to complete their course. All competitors must report to the Finish after this time even if they have not completed the course. You do not have to cross the Finish line, but all competitors MUST report to the Finish officials and download their SI stick. Course times over 3 hours will be marked as uncompleted and corresponding team disqualified.

      Awards
      First three teams in each competitive category will be awarded with medals and special awards.

      Results
      Results will be posted during the competition days near Finish areas. In due time, the results and split times will be posted on the PNWOF website, www.pnwof.org

      Recreational Orienteering
      We will also be offering “Recreational” advanced course with on–the-day registration at the event. These will be informal, un-timed course suitable for non-competitive types, or anyone who'd just like to give the sport a try without being timed. Given enough available maps we may allow recreational participants on relay courses (White/Yellow, Orange, and Green). A separate start and finish area will be used at the registration table.

      Course Statistics
      Relay Courses
Course          Length  Controls  Climb   Expected Winning Time
                km                m     
Leg 1 (Orange)  4.35    12        55      25-27 min
Leg 2 (W/Y)     2.36    9         20      15-17 min
Leg 3 (Green)   6.92    20        90      42-45 min
Advanced Rec    4.4     14        55

      Site maps. Event center, start and finish, parking areas.
      [Lava Butte]


      Map Maker and Course Designer Notes for PNWOF Relays
      by Andy Dale and Elis Eberlein

      Map was made from a USGS base, spring/summer 2004, revised June 2005.

      Lava Butte 1:10000 5m contours.

      The map contains a mixture of forested and open terrain. Ground vegetation varies little, and the boundaries between open and forested are rarely distinct. Use with caution! The eastern part of the map covers transitional, semi open terrain with scattered trees of variable density. The mapping of such areas is very subjective, and you may just wish to blur the white and yellow patches into ‘semi-open’, although there is much useful information to be lost by doing this.

      A green X represents a significant or isolated tree. Isolated trees need not be especially large to be mapped. Two or more together have been mapped as white.

      The undergrowth screen has been used to show manzanita. While this can be unpleasant, ‘undergrowth – slow’ will not slow you down too much. Sagebrush varies in density but is rarely patchy enough to influence route choice. It is not mapped.

      Most knolls are rocky, and have been mapped by adding boulder field triangles to knoll symbols. These are all lava outcrops. Boulders and cliffs are also lava features, and tend to be blocky rather than solid. Ribs of exposed lava are mapped as elliptical boulders. Most features mapped as boulders stand up out of the terrain as you would expect a boulder to, although some represent lower knoll-like features composed entirely of lava.

      Most of the trails on the map are dirt bike trails. They are often narrow and difficult to see from a distance, but easy to follow. Indistinct, old roads are differentiated from them by using the ‘ride’ symbol (long, narrow dashes).

      SPECIAL NOTE! Leg 1, Leg 3 and the Advanced Recreational Course have to cross a fence twice. The fence crossings should be done on the roads where it is marked. To mark the crossing point more clearly, the area on both sides of the crossing point was marked as “out of bounds” with purple X-es. This gives an misleading impression of the “out of bounds” area. You ARE ALLOWED TO RUN ALONG THE FENCE before and after the fence/road crossing.

      Relay competitive pre-registration 
      Up to and including July 15:  $15 Adult / $9 Junior
July 16 - Aug 5:              $18 Adult / $12 Junior
Aug 6 and after:              $25 Adult / $15 Junior
Day of event:                 $25 Adult / $15 Junior
Limited availability, depending on how many extra maps are available.

USOF discount:                -$3 Adult / -$1.50 Junior

Recreational courses during relays. White/Yellow/Orange only. No pre-registration.

DAY OF EVENT ONLY             $10 Adult / $5 Junior
NO DISCOUNT for USOF or COC membership.
SI Stick Rental:

Each day used:                $2 Adult / $1 Junior
Entire week of PNWOF:         $8 Adult / $4 Junior (pre-registered only)
Lost stick:                   $35
      We hope to have child-care available for a reasonable fee stuffed by USA Team members, payable on-site. In order for us to judge numbers, please indicate how many children would use child-care, assuming it is available. Please check back on the web site for more details.


    PNWOF Workshops and Classes in Bend, OR

      [] Control Site Selection for Orienteering Courses (COCC Campus).
      August 26, 5-7 pm, room 155 in the Boyle Education Bldg, COCC, Bend, OR
      Presented by       Scott Donald: The talk will cover the start, finish, and the course control sites. Scott will talk about what is required for each course (following USOF and IOF guidelines) and how to meet those guidelines. Scott will discuss fairness, challenge, and solving common problems. Most of the talk will focus on the higher courses. He'll be available for questions after the talk, over "coffee".
      Length: 1 hour
      [] COCC Exercise Physiology Lab tour and Demo Physiology Test (COCC Campus).
      August 24, 9-9:30 am, Physiology Lab, COCC, Bend, OR
      Presented by Julie Downing and the COCC Health and Human Performance Dept: Couple of stages of a test so athletes can observe how we take ventilatory and lactate samples, etc. and then we will do a short tour and answer questions.
      Directions: The Physiology Lab is the small shingled building right on the small hillside immediately to the east of the track. It is the only building between the Library and Mazama Hall on the west side of College Way. See the COCC map above for its location.
      [] Fitness test at the COCC Exercise Physiology Lab.
      Performed at COCC: Here is the web address that has info on that and a link to make an appointment: Athletic Performance Profile


    PNWOF Junior Training Camp in Bend, OR

      Improve your orienteering skills! Meet other juniors. Get expert advice and additional training in Oregon terrain.

      The camps will be held immediately following the race event, on site of the venue just run.
      Aug 24 Arnold Ice Cave Map
      Aug 25 Lava Butte Map

      Max 2 hr sessions. (parents can stay around to socialize with friends, leave and come back or arrange carpool for kids.)

      For ages 10-19.
      Price $5/day, includes snack and water.

      Format simple, fun and focused. Emphasis on brain exercises over physical exertion due to demands on participants during a weeklong series of competitive events.

      We will use conventional and creative training techniques.

      Pre-register on the registration form or via active.com (use       Register Now! link).

    USOF Board Meetings and General Membership Meeting in Bend, OR

      USOF Board Meetings and the AGM will be held at the Central Oregon Community College (COCC) in Bend, which is also the location of the PNWOF Event Center.

      FRIDAY, AUGUST 26TH
      * 7 to 7:45 PM - Meet the 2005 Board Candidates and current USOF Board Members
      * 7:45 PM to 10 PM - USOF Board Meeting

      SATURDAY, AUGUST 27TH
      * 2 PM - Delegate Registration for AGM (AGM delegates and Board Members should request early start times on Saturday for 45-60 minutes will be required to go from the event finish area to the AGM location at the COCC in Bend).
      * 3 PM to 6 PM - AGM and USOF Board Member Elections.
      * 6 PM to 7 PM - Post AGM Organizational Board Meeting

      ALL USOF MEMBERS ARE WELCOME AND ENCOURAGED TO ATTEND THESE USOF MEETINGS

      2005 BOARD ELECTIONS

      The following have agreed to stand for election to the USOF Board at the AGM: 
      POSITION               CANDIDATE           CLUB      TERM
President              Chuck Ferguson      QOC       2 years
Competition VP         Clare Durand        LAOC      2 years
Program Development VP Mike Minium         OCIN      2 years
Secretary              Sandy Fillebrown    DVOA      2 years
Board Member At-Large  Stephanie Martineau MNOC      3 years
      At the AGM, additional nominations may be made from the floor, provided the proposed candidates have agreed to allow their names be placed in nomination.

      There will be Regional Representative and Alternate elections in the Heartland, Northeast and Pacific Regions that will be taking place before the AGM.

      As a USOF Member, your participation in the AGM and USOF election process determines the course for how USOF will operate in the future!

    USA Orienteering Championships in Bend, OR

      August 26-28 (Friday-Sunday) Flying Dutchman A meet and USA Classic Championships, Model Event Friday, Bend, OR. Hosted by ORCA and CROC. WRE Sunday. Dutchman Flats map.
      More information, map samples, and photos are available at the 2005 USA Championships web site.